
对举:
①不是A,而是B
我最喜欢的电影不是美国电影,而是法国电影。
My favorite films are not American films, but French films.
②并非A,而是B
我最喜欢的电影并非美国电影,而是法国电影。
My favorite films are not American films, but French films.
③是A,不是B
我最喜欢的电影是法国电影,不是美国电影。
My favorite films are French films, not American films.
顺承:
①首先 / 起先 / 先 A,然后 / 后来 / 随后 / 再 / 又 B
昨天我先去了图书馆,然后去了超市。
Yesterday, I went to the library first, then I went to the supermarket.
②刚A,就B
主语一致:
小明刚起床,就开始工作了。
Xiao Ming began to work as soon as he got up.
主语不一致:
小明刚起床,王刚就出门了。
Wang Gang left home as soon as Xiao Ming got up.
③一A,就B
主语一致:
小明一起床,就开始工作了。
Xiao Ming began to work as soon as he got up.
主语不一致:
小明一起床,王刚就出门了。
Wang Gang left home as soon as Xiao Ming got up.
选择:
一、数者选一:
①A、B或(是)C
明年我打算去美国、法国或韩国度假。
Next year I plan to go to America, France or Korea to spend my holiday.
②要么A,要么B,要么C
明年我打算要么去美国,要么去法国,要么去韩国度假。
Next year I plan to go to America, France or Korea to spend my holiday.
二、二者选一:
①不是A,就是B
我今晚不是看电视,就是做运动。
Tonight I either watch TV or play sports.
②要么A,要么B
我今晚要么看电视,要么做运动。
Tonight I either watch TV or play sports.
③要不A,要不B
我今晚要不看电视,要不做运动。
Tonight I either watch TV or play sports.
三、已定选择:
①与其A,不如 / 还不如 B = 不选A,选B
与其租房,不如买房。
Instead of renting, we should buy a house.
②宁可A,也不B = 选A,不选B
宁可买房,也不租房。
We should buy a house, instead of renting, we should buy a house.
递进:
①不但…而且…
LV的包不但好看,而且实用。
Louis Vuitton bags are not only beautiful, but also functional.
②尚且…何况…
这件事尚且小明都做不到,何况王明。
Even Xiao Ming can’t do that, not to mention Wang Ming.
③别说…了,连…都 / 也
这件事别说王明了,连小明都做不到。
Not to mention Wang Ming, even Xiao Ming can’t do that,
条件:
一、充足条件:
①只要…就…
只要好好学习,就能考上好大学。
As long as you study hard, you can attend a good university.
二、必要条件:
①只有…才…
只有好好学习,才能考上好大学。
Only if you study hard, can you attend a good university.
三、无条件:
①无论…都…
无论发生什么事情,我都爱你。
No matter what happens, I will love you.
无论明天下不下雨,我都要去爬山。
Tomorrow whether it rains or not, I will go to climb.
假设:
假设与结果一致:
①如果…就…
如果好好学习,就能考上好大学。
If you study hard, you can attend a good university.
假设与结果不一致:
②即使…也…
你即使好好学习,也考不上大学。
Even though you study hard, you still can’t attend a good university.
③再(怎么)…也…
你再怎么好好学习,也考不上大学。
因果:
①因为…所以…
因为他会说三门语言,所以能在国际公司工作。
Because he can speak 3 languages, he can work in an international company.
②之所以…是因为…
他之所以能在国际公司工作,是因为他会说三门语言。
The reason why he can work in an international company is because he can speak 3 languages.
推论:
①既然…那么…
既然他能考上北京大学,那么他一定很聪明。
Since he can attend Beijing University, he must be smart.
转折:
①虽然…但是…
虽然这份工作很危险,但是工资很低。
Although the job is very dangerous, the salary is low.
让步:
①哪怕 / 就算 / 即使
哪怕/就算/即使父母都反对,我也要和他结婚。
Even if my parents object, I will marry him.